Model for Instructional Design: Definition and Implementation Strategies
The ADDIE model is a widely used, systematic five-phase process for creating effective instructional designs in training and development. Originally developed by the U.S. Army in the 1970s, it is now employed by instructional designers and training developers across various sectors, including schools, corporate training, and businesses.
The ADDIE model consists of five stages: Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation.
Analysis
In this phase, the training needs, learner characteristics, and learning environment are identified. This involves assessing the current situation, knowledge gaps, and defining clear learning goals or behavioral changes desired from the training.
Design
Based on the analysis, instructional strategies and learning objectives are planned. This includes selecting appropriate content structure, delivery methods, assessment tools, and defining the learning environment (e.g., e-learning, face-to-face, blended).
Development
The actual training materials and content are created and assembled in this phase. Lessons, exercises, multimedia, and assessments designed in the previous phase are developed.
Implementation
The training program is delivered or rolled out to the target learners. This may involve facilitating sessions, distributing materials, and ensuring all logistics for effective learning are in place.
Evaluation
The effectiveness of the training is measured by assessing learner performance and feedback to determine if objectives were met. The ADDIE model's evaluation phase consists of summative evaluation and formative evaluation, providing feedback for continuous improvement throughout the project.
The Successive Approximation Model (SAM), a simplified version of ADDIE, encourages collaboration between the instructional designer and learners on every step, further enhancing the learning experience. Effective learning is facilitated by adding visuals to training materials.
The ADDIE model is flexible and can be used for online, physical, or hybrid learning environments. To apply the ADDIE model, consider the project's goals, learners, and learning objectives. The ADDIE model provides an extensive improvement and formative evaluation of learning materials, ensuring a structured approach for designing courses that help achieve learning outcomes.
In conclusion, the ADDIE model is a proven and tested method for creating and designing effective training programs. It aims to provide a systematic and easy approach to learning, addressing learning constraints, and can be applied to an organization's training and development to achieve project goals and create a more functional learning environment.
Engaging with the ADDIE model not only enhances the learning experience by incorporating various delivery methods and assessments, but also fosters personal growth and self-development through structured education and self-improvement. By utilizing this model, individuals are equipped with the proper knowledge and skills, as defined by clear learning objectives, contributing to their overall personal growth and setting a foundation for continuous learning. Additionally, the feedback provided during the evaluation phase typically drives improvement in the learning materials, ensuring continued education and development opportunities for learners.
